Posted in: Core Java,synchronization
Synchronization of threads is needed for in order to control threads coordination, mainly in order to prevent simultaneous operations on data.
A shared resource may be corrupted if it is accessed simultaneously by multiple threads. For example, two unsynchronized threads accessing the same bank account may cause conflict.
For simple synchronization Java provides the synchronized keyword. For more sophisticated locking mechanisms, starting from Java 5, the package java.concurrent.locks provides additional locking options.
private int c = 0;
public synchronized void increment() {
c++;
}
public synchronized void decrement() {
c--;
}
public synchronized int value() {
return c;
}
}
public void addName(String name) {
synchronized (this) {
lastName = name;
nameCount++;
}
nameList.add(name);
}
When synchronizing a block, key for the locking should be supplied (usually would be this) The advantage of not synchronizing the entire method is efficiency.
A shared resource may be corrupted if it is accessed simultaneously by multiple threads. For example, two unsynchronized threads accessing the same bank account may cause conflict.
For simple synchronization Java provides the synchronized keyword. For more sophisticated locking mechanisms, starting from Java 5, the package java.concurrent.locks provides additional locking options.
Synchronizing instance methods and static methods:
A
synchronized method acquires a lock before it executes. In the case of
an instance method, the lock is on the object for which the method was
invoked. In the case of a static method, the lock is on the class. If
one thread invokes a synchronized instance method (respectively, static
method) on an object, the lock of that object (respectively, class) is
acquired first, then the method is executed, and finally the lock is
released. Another thread invoking the same method of that object
(respectively, class) is blocked until the lock is released.
public class SynchronizedCounter {
private int c = 0;
public synchronized void increment() {
c++;
}
public synchronized void decrement() {
c--;
}
public synchronized int value() {
return c;
}
}
Synchronizing blocks:
A
synchronized statement can be used to acquire a lock on any object, not
just this object, when executing a block of the code in a method. This
block is referred to as a synchronized block.
synchronized (this) {
lastName = name;
nameCount++;
}
nameList.add(name);
}
When synchronizing a block, key for the locking should be supplied (usually would be this) The advantage of not synchronizing the entire method is efficiency.